Equine Health

Case Report: Reproduction

Enlarged Uterus

Patient: 8 yr. Old Quarter Horse Mare

Intended Use: Broodmare

History: This horse had a history of infertility for the prior two breeding seasons at another facility. Breeding attempts had been made using artificial insemination with cooled semen. Previously she had produced two foals.

Physical Examination: On physical examination the horse appeared to be in good condition with an adequate body condition score. All findings were within normal limits for her age and breed.

Rectal Palpation/Ultrasound: An enlarged uterus (3 times normal) was found. The uterus contained a large amount of clear fluid and was distended. No other abnormalities were noted. Uterine biopsy and culture were normal.

Video Endoscopy: The endoscope was used to view the uterus and to detect any possible abnormalities such as uterine adhesions that might block travel of the sperm or small cancerous growths not detectable on ultrasound. In this mare the findings were normal.

Diagnosis: The decision was made to do a laparotomy (incision into the mare’s flank) to gain access to the abdominal cavity and view the uterus. It was found that the left uterine horn had become adhered to the large intestine and part of the body wall, likely due to a previous abdominal infection. This had prohibited the uterus from contracting and expelling fluid post insemination and had led to the distension noted.